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''For more about region: Southern Africa'' Many environmental issues affect Southern Africa due to urbanization and the acts needed in order to survive. Southern Africa is the southern region of the continent Africa. It consists of countries such as: Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Through an attempt of keeping up with the developing world, and trying to meet the high demands of the growing population, Southern Africa has exhausted its many resources resulting in severe environmental damage. Southern Africa’s log, and produce are the cores of their economy, and this region has become dependent on these resources. The continuous depleting and improper treatment of their natural resources have led Southern Africa to the state where they are only harming their environment. Some environmental issues that affect Southern Africa are: water pollution, air pollution, land degradation, solid waste pollution, and deforestation. The environmental damage affects not only the population’s health, but also the species that live in the area, while also contributing to the world-wide issue of climate change. == Water Pollution == ''For more about: Water supply and sanitation in South Africa'' One of Southern Africa’s biggest issues is the lack of clean water. According to The United Nation’s Convention on Climate Change on South Africa in 2000, the water around Africa is unevenly distributed, meaning that 60% of the water is situated in only 20% of the land.〔(【引用サイトリンク】Environmental Problems in South Africa )〕 Less than 10% of Southern Africa’s surface water is accessible and due to the fact that a majority of their ground water lay under large rock formations, ground water becomes difficult to access as well.〔 Climate change and its attendant effects on temperature and precipitation may have an additional impact. Many Africans are moving to rural areas, adding to the already high demands for clean water〔(【引用サイトリンク】Water in Crisis South Africa )〕 and while demands are growing drastically, freshwater supplies remain limited. Adding to the high demands, Durban’s dam has decreased by 20% since 2010, and up to 30% of the water has either been stolen or given away illegally through international trading.〔 “A review of water availability in 1996 estimated that the total average annual surface runoff was 50 150 million cubic metres, the maximum potential annual system yield was 33 290 million cubic metres, and total water annual requirements were 20 045 million cubic metres. Water requirements could increase by about 50% by 2030 (Department of Water and Forestry, 2000a).”〔 Although South Africa has one of the best, cleanest water out of all the countries in Southern Africa, many don’t have access to basic sanitations.〔(【引用サイトリンク】The quiet water crisis )〕 A majority of Southern Africa’s accessible water is unclean, making the water vulnerable for water transmitted diseases to exist. Water-borne diseases such as Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E increase, while some of the water become so unclean that diseases such as: Typhoid fever, Leptospirosis, Schistosomiasis, and Bilharzia are transmitted through water contact.〔(【引用サイトリンク】South Africa major infectious diseases )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Environmental issues in Southern Africa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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